Carburetor body and attachments therefor



April 6 1926. 1,579,403

W. C. M. SCHRADER CARBUREfIOR BODY AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR Filed Oct. 31, 1918 Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT .OF

F l C E WILLIAM 0.1M. SCHRADER, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

OARBURETOR BODY AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR.

Application filed October 31, 1918. Serial No. 260,605.

residing at New Rochelle, in the county of.

Vestchester, State of New York, have made a certain new and useful Invention in a Carburetor Body and Attachments Therefor, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carburetors and particularly to' the enclosing body forthe carburetor nozzle, and to devices and accessory attachments therefor.

The object of the invention is to provide a carburetor body of simple and compact structure and disposition and arrangement of parts, which is economical to manufacture, and efficient in use.

A further object of the invention is to provide a carburetor body and attachments therefor in whichis secured the maximum benefit of perfect, uniform and controllable I carburetion, and the supplyin the highest state of efliciency, of hydrocarbon fuel for utilization in internal combustion engines.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in connection with a carburetor body. of the nature referred to, means to readily and easily adjust the carbureting action to varying conditions of atmospheric temperature and pressure.

A further object is to provide in a carburetor body of the nature referred to, means to vary and control the character of the fuel mixture to be supplied to the engine in order to secure the greatest degree of efficiency of atomization and oxidation of such fuel according to atmospheric conditions.

Other objects and purposes of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in the constructiom'combination, location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter setv forth, as illustrated in the accompanying drawing and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing Fig. 1 is a view in'top plan of a carburetor body structure, and attachments therefor, constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same on the line 2, 2, Fig. 1.

The same reference numeral is applied to the same part in the several views.

It is among the special purposes of my present invention to attain a construction of a carburetor body and attachments of exceedlngly simple structure and capable of a wide range of adjustment, not only of the fcedof the liquid fuel, and of the supply of OXldlZlIlg medium for admixture therewith, but also of the supply of air in the proper relative proportions to the supply of the explosive mixture to the engine.

' In the accompanying drawing I have shown one form of structure of carburetor body and attachments embodying the princ ples of my invention which I have found in practical operation to attain in a satisfactory degree thefaims and purposes above set forth.

Referring to the drawing: reference numeral 3 designates the casting of the car buretor body, which is formed with suitable means, such as a flange 4, for conveniently attaching the same. Chambers 5, 6, are formed in the body 1. The chamber 5 is in the form of a passage extending longitudinally through the body at one side thereof and in this passage the carburetor nozzle (not shown) is disposed. The chamber 6, formed in the other side of the casting, constitutes the supply reservoir for the liquid. fuel, and contains the usual float 7, valve 8 and intake connection 9. The float chamber,

of the usual or any desired construction and do not constitute nor form any part of my present invention.

The nozzle receiving passage 5 is open at one end, as shown at 10, for communication with the engine intake. In this opening is positioned the carburetor throttle valve 11.

The other end of the passage 5 is closed by the cover cap 12. A screw plug 13 is inserted in the passage 5 above the cover cap and spaced therefrom, thereby forming a space 14 between said cover cap and plug. This space forms a chamber or reservoir to receive a liquid hydrocarbon fuel as gasoline from the float chamber 6. through a duct 15. In this chamber the liquid fuel is preheated and is supplied to the carburetor noz zle in this condition. Any desired or suit" able construction of nozzle may be employed. In practice I prefer to use the form of nozzle outlined and claimed in my Patent No.

' 1,224,672, granted May 1, 1917. In the accompanying drawing I have shown a stem portion 16 of the nozzle as extending through and carried by the plug 13. The

liquid fuel after being heated in the chamber Ice 14 passes through a conduit 17, formed 1ongitudinally through a stem 18, which, in turn, extends through the longitudinal bore of the stem 16 of the nozzle. The stem 16, of which only the lower portion is shown, will be termed the carburetor stem, and stem 18 the conduit stem. The conduit stem 18 may be adjusted in any convenient manner to control the flow of liquid fuel therethrough. A simple and efficient means for adjusting this member is shown as constituting one feature of my invention. This consists of a nut 19, mounted upon the end of the conduit stem, for receiving a socket member 20, carried by a shank 21, which is disposed in line with the conduit stem and passes through a stufiing box 22 in the cover cap 12. To the exterior end of the shank 21 is connected an arm 23, by which the socket member 20 may be raised into engagement with the nut 19 for adjusting the conduit stem 18 to the proper position for securing the desired adjustment of liquid fuel feed through the conduit stem. In order that the engagement of the socket member 20 with the nut 19 may not interfere with the flow of the fuel into the conduit 17 of stem 18, said socket member is in the form of a spider. That it, it is formed with openings 24 in the bottom thereof.

In order to efficiently preheat the liquid fuel the casting 3 is cored out as shown at 25, to form a passage in the body of the casting to encompass the preheating chamber 14. A bore 26 is formed in a lateral extension of the casting 3, which communicates with the cored out passage 25. A heating medium is delivered into the passage 25 and bore 26 from any convenient or suitable source through the pipe connection 27. Exhaust of heating medium may be effected through the connection 50. This construction affords a most simple and efficient means for preheating the liquid fuel and bringing the same into condition to be most effectively atomized and carbureted.

The carbureting air is supplied to the interior of the body casing 3, and to the passage Stherein for supply to the nozzle, through a bore 28, formed in a convenient lateral extension of the body casting.

To secure the best results it is desirable to control the admission of the air to the nozzle in coordination with the supply of explosive mixture from the carburetor to the explosive chamber of the engine cylinder. To accomplish this result, in accordance with the principles of my invention, I propose to locate a suitable throttle valve 20 in the bore 28, to control the air supply to the carburetor nozzle, and I propose to suitably connect this valve for coincident and cooperative operation with the throttle valve 11 which controls the supply of explosive mixture from the carburetor. A simple and efficient arrangement is shown wherein the valve 11 is carried by a rock shaft 30 which extends transversely through the passage 10, and upon the end thereof which projects exteriorly of the casting 3, is mounted an operating arm 31, by which said shaft is rocked to open and close the valve 11 in the usual manner. Also mount-d upon the extending end of shaft 30, is an arm 32, which is pivotally connected to one end of a rod 33, the other end of said rod having adjustable connection in a slot 31, in an arm 35, which is carried by the end of a rock shaft 36, upon which the air control valve 29 is mounted. The rod 33 is preferably adjustable as to length, as, for instance, by means of a turn buckle arrangement indicated at 37.

By this arrangement the valves 29 and 11 may be adjusted into the desired relative positions thereof with great nicety, which may be varied as occasion may demand or require, and thereafter the two valves will retain their relation while being coincidently operated. This I regard as an important and valuable feature of my invention. j

I have found that the introduction of moist atmospheric air or moistened air into the hydrocarbon charge insures a more perfect combustion of the explosive mixture and consequently attaining greater efiiciency of both fuel and motor than without the introduction of such medium. With a supply of moistened air or moist air, the motor operates more smoothly and evenly, and the deleterious effects of soot and carbon deposit is avoided. To accomplish such supply I provide the body casting 3 with a bore 38 in a lateral extension therefrom, the chamber of which bore communicates with the interior of the body, through a tube orv other suitable connection 39. A pipe or other suitable connection 40 delivers from a suitable source moistened air, into the interior of the bore 38, through a head 41, which extends into the bore 38. The inner end of this head projects into a cap 42, through the inner end of which is a duct or passage 43, which is disposed in axial alignment with the tube 39.

It may sometimes be desirable to introduce atmospheric air along with the moisture carrying or misty air, and also to supplement the delivery of such air, or of the moisture carrying or misty air by applying pressure thereto. I have shown a simple arrangement for accomplishing these purposes wherein atmospheric air is admitted into the interior of the cap 42, through ducts 44, which are controllable by means of a pin valve 45, to regulate and control the supply of atmospheric'air thcrethrmigh. The atmospheric air thus admitted commiuglcs with the moisture carrying or misty air admitted through the connection a0, and which 1nay vbe controlled in any suitable manner,

and the mixture passes on through the duct 43 and tube 39 into'the carburetor body. If pressure is desired in connection with the air or misty air supply, either or both, this can be afforded by connecting a source of pressure supply (not shown) to the ducts 44, as indicated bythe connection 46. j

The passage 5 of the body casting may be formed with the Venturi restriction 47 in the usual or any suitable or well known manner. j a. v

In constructing the body with the structural features above described, I prefer to locate the lateral extensions containing the bores 26, 28 and 38, the one directly above the other. This very greatly simplifies and facilitates the manufacturing operations required in the production of the body, while at the same timesecuring exceedingly .desirable compactness and reducing the weight of the structure. By forming the passage 5 longitudinally through the casting the work of boring and finishing the interior of said passage is facilitated,thus securing great economy in manufacture as well as compactness in and reduced weight of the structure as a whole. a

It will be seen that I provide forthe eflicicnt preheating of the liquid fuel, its proper feed, the admixture of air and morsture therewith and of moistened. air, and, in addition, the eflicient control and adjustment of these various feeds to suit any condition of atmospheric temperature or pressure. This is a particularly desirable re sult in the case of motors for aeroplanes where greatly varying conditions of temperature and pressure are constantly encountered. The required adjustments are easily and quickly accomplished.

The relative adjustment and conjoint control and operation of the air supply and throttle valves insures an efficiency of operation not obtainable otherwise.

The use of a carburetor body-and attach-i ments therefor constructed and arranged according to and embodying the principles of my invention as above described secures asmooth easy operation of the motor, the utilization of the hydrocarbon fuel to the maximum of its elticiency,not only in the completeness of its combustion but also in the development of power to the maximum degree, and the elimination of carbon or soot deposit, and all the troubles resulting therefrom.

Having now set forth the objects and nature of my invention and a construction embodying the principles thereof, what I claim'as new and useful and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1- 1. In a carburetor, a body formed with a longitudinal passage therethrough, a cover connected with said control valve.

cap at one end of said body for closing said passage, a screw plug-in said passage spaced apart from said cap to form a chamber, a carburetor stem in said plug, a conduit stein .in said carburetor stem, and means extendsaid fuel supply, means forsupplying moisture carrying air to said passage, and means for regulating said first air supply in proportion with the fuel supply rushing through said passage.

3. In a carburetor, a body formed with I a passage longitudinally therethrough to rcceive a carburetor nozzle, a carburetor plug for said nozzle a cap, said plug and cap forming a fuel chamber tdreceive thehydrocarbon fuel, means to circulate a heating medium through said body and around said chamber to preheat the-fuel hydrocarbon, and means extending through said cap and into said fuel chamber for regulating said nozzle.

.4. In a carburetor, a body formed with a passage longitudinally therethrough, a cap for closing one end of said passage, an adjustable carburetor plug in said passage to form with said cap a fuel heating chamber of a portion of said passage, said body having formed therein also a heat conveying conduit surrounding said chamber, a carburetor stem carried by said plug and a conduit stem communicating with said chamber carried by said carburetor stem, and a source of hydrocarbon fuel deliveringinto said heated chamber.

In a carburetor, a body formed with a longitudinal passage thercthrough and hav ing an air inlet and a bore opening into said passage at closely adjacent points, a.

fuel supplying and heating chamber formed in one end of said passage, an 'atomizing nozzle in said bore for injecting moisture carrying air in the form of a fine mist into said passage, a control valve for said passage, and a valve for said-air inlet 6. In a carburetor, a body formed with a passage. longitudinally therethrough, a ,portion of said passage forming a chamber to .receive the hydrocarbon fuel, a conduit stem extending'from said chamber and opening into said passage to deliver fuel thereinto, said body having also a passage formed thereinto encompass said chamber, means to supply a heating medium to said last intermentioned passage, a bore in said body, and a moisture supplying nozzle in said here whereby moisture laden or misty air is injected into said longitudinal assage and mixed with the fuel in regulated quantity.

7. In a carburetor, a body formed with a longitudinal passage therethrough and having an air inlet and a bore opening into said passage at substantially right angles to said longitudinal passage, a control valve for said longitudinal passage and a control valve for said air passage, said valves being interconnected, a fuel chamber formed in one end of said longitudinal passage, said body being also provided with a heating eonduit, said-heating conduit surrounding said chamber to heat the fuel, and a regulated nozzle in said bore for injecting into said passage intermixed moisture laden or misty air in regulated quantities, and means for regulating the moisture and air in proportion to the fuel supply.

8. In a carburetor, a body formed with a longitudinal passage therethrough and having an open end for communicating with an intake chamber a fuel chamber in said passage, said body having also a bore communicating with said passage, a cap arranged in said bore and having a duct delivering into said passage, a pipe connection for supplying moisture laden atmospheric air delivering to said cap, means to open communication between the interior of said cap and the outer air, and a needle valve to control said outer air communication.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand on this 17th day of October A. D., 1918.

WILLIAM C. M. SCHRADER. 

